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Goto:

Heliophorus Geyer in Hübner, [1832]

Sapphires
Heliophorus Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 40, TS: Heliophorus belenus Geyer
Ilerda Doubleday, 1847; List Spec. lep. Ins. B. M. 2: 25, TS: Polyommatus epicles Godart

= ; Eliot, 1973, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6) : 441

Heliophorus (Lycaeninae) ; Eliot, 1973, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6) : 441

Larva on Rumex [BHR]

Heliophorus moorei (Hewitson, 1865)

-. See [About maps] Azure Sapphire
Ilerda moorei Hewitson, 1865; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 58, TL: Bhutan
?Heliophorus androcles moorei ; [BIR, 305]
Heliophorus moorei ; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 19, pl. 205, f. 33 (?Kollar)]; [MRS, 665]

H. m. moorei

NW.India, Sikkim, Assam, N.Burma, S.Tibet Heliophorus moorei moorei ; [BOR, 634]; Huang & Wu, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 128

H. m. birmana Fruhstorfer, 1918

S.Burma Heliophorus saphir birmana Fruhstorfer, 1918; Tijdschr. Ent. 61 (1/2) : 50
Heliophorus moorei birmana ; [BOR, 634 (name)]

H. m. saphir (Blanchard, 1871)

saphir (Blanchard, 1871)
Heliophorus moorei saphir ; [MRS, 665]

H. m. saphirioides Murayama, 1992

China Heliophorus saphirioides Murayama, 1992; Nature & Ins. 27 (5): 38
Heliophorus moore saphirioides ; [MRS, 665]

H. m. coruscans (Moore, 1882)

Kashmir - Kumaon ?Heliophorus androcles coruscans ; [BIR, 305]
Heliophorus moorei coruscans ; Huang & Wu, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 128

Heliophorus brahma (Moore, [1858])

Kujmaon - Assam, Burma. See [About maps] Golden Sapphire
Ilerda brahma Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1 : 29, pl. 1a, f. 4
Ilerda brahma ; Hewitson, 1865, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 57
Heliophorus brahma ; [BIR, 304 (key)]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 17]

512x341 (~42Kb) India: Ziro, 9.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

512x341 (~29Kb) underside India: Ziro, 9.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

H. b. brahma

NW.India - Assam Heliophorus brahma brahma ; [BOR, 634]

H. b. mogoka Evans, 1932

Burma, N.Thailand, Yunnan Heliophorus brahma mogoka Evans, 1932; Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): 247, TL: Mogok
Heliophorus brahma mogoka, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Heliophorus brahma mogoka ; [BOR, 634 (name)]; Huang, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 104 (note)

Heliophorus hybrida (Tytler, 1912)

Sikkim. See [About maps] Ilerda hybrida Tytler, 1912; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21 (2): 599
Heliophorus hybrida ; [BOR, 635]
Heliophorus brahma ab. hybrida ;

Heliophorus kohimensis (Tytler, 1912)

Assam (Naga Hills). See [About maps] Naga Sapphire
Ilerda kohimensis Tytler, 1912; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21 (2): 598
Heliophorus kohimensis ; [BIR, 303(key)]; [BOR, 634]

H. k. delacouri Eliot, 1963

Vietnam Heliophorus kohimensis delacouri Eliot, 1963; Entomologist 96 (1203) : 180, f. 14, TL: Vietnam, Tonkin, Bac-Kan

Heliophorus epicles (Godart, [1824])

Kumaon - Assam, Burma. See [About maps] Purple Sapphire
Polyommatus epicles Godart, [1824]; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (2): 604, 646, no. 109, TL: E.Java
Heliophorus belenus Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 40, : pl. [135], f. 785-786
?nila Nicéville, 1895²
?Ilerda epicles var. sakaii Matsumura, 1910; Ent. Zs. 23 (50): 221, TL: Formosa
Ilerda epicles ; Hewitson, 1865, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 58
Heliophorus epicles ; [BIR, 303 (key), 304]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 18 (text)]

456x379 (~40Kb) upperside Mao (On the border of Nagaland and Manipur), India, 07 Nov 2003, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

600x400 (~61Kb) underside India: Subansiri, 2.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

There appears to be some shuffling of taxa between H. epicles and H. ila. Not really sure about the real status of the following, shown as presented in [BOR], except for those that are mentioned in [MRS]. (Is epicles = ila ?)

H. e. epicles

W.Java Heliophorus epicles epicles ; [BOR, 634 (name)]

H. e. hilima Fruhstorfer, 1911²

E.Java epicles hilima Fruhstorfer, 1911²; , TL: E. Java; Bali
Heliophorus epicles hilima .; [BOR, 634 (name)]

H. e. latilimbata Eliot, 1963

Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Burma, Andamans, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, S.Yunnan Ilerda epicles f. latilimbata Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49, TL: Sikkim
Heliophorus epicles latilimbata, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

H. e. tweediei Eliot, 1963

Peninsular Malaya Heliophorus epicles tweediei Eliot, 1963; Entomologist 96 (1203) : 173, f. 2a-d, TL: Malaysia, Pahang, Cameron Highlands
Heliophorus epicles tweediei ; [BMP: 262, pl. 38, f. 25-27]; [BOR, 635 (name)]

H. e. sumatrensis (Fruhstorfer, 1908)

Sumatra Ilerda epicles sumatrensis Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49, TL: W.Sumatra
Heliophorus epicles sumatrensis ; [BOR, 635 (name)]

H. e. phoenicoparyphus (Holland, 1878)

Hainan phoenicoparyphus (Holland, 1878)
Heliophorus epicles phoenicoparyphus, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Heliophorus epicles phoenicoparyphus ; [BOR, 635 (name)]
Heliophorus phoenicoparyphus ; [MRS, 665]

Heliophorus indicus (Fruhstorfer, 1908)

Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam - Burma, N.Thailand, Laos. See [About maps] Ilerda epicles indicus Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49, TL: Sikkim
?Ilerda epicles indicus f. rufonotata Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49
Heliophorus indicus, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Heliophorus epicles indicus ; [BOR, 635]

Heliophorus kiana (Grose-Smith, 1889)

N.Borneo. See [About maps] Sithon kiana Grose-Smith, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (16) : 317
Heliophorus kiana ; [BOR, 635]

Heliophorus ila (de Nicéville & Martin, [1896])

-. See [About maps] Ilerda ila de Nicéville & Martin, [1896]; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 64 Pt.II (3): 472
Heliophorus ila ; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 18]; [MRS, 666]

H. i. ila

Sumatra (Korintji Valley) Heliophorus ila ila ; [BOR, 635]

H. i. malaya Pendlebury, 1936

Peninsular Malaya Heliophorus malaya Pendlebury, 1936; J. Fed. Malay St. Mus., 18 (1): 183
Heliophorus ila malaya ; [BMP: 262, pl. 38, pl. 28-30]; [BOR, 635 (name)]

H. i. chinensis (Fruhstorfer, 1908)

W.China Ilerda epicles chinensis Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49, TL: W.China
Heliophorus ila chinensis, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Heliophorus epicles chinensis ; [BOR, 635 (name)]
Heliophorus ila chinensis ; [MRS, 666]

H. i. matsumurae (Fruhstorfer, 1908)

Taiwan Ilerda heliophorus matsumurae Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (12): 49, TL: Formosa
Heliophorus epicles matsumurae ; [BOR, 635 (name)]
Heliophorus ila matsumurae ; [MRS, 666]

Larva on Polygonum chinese, Rumex japonicus [MRS]

H. i. nolus Eliot, 1963

S.Burma, Thailand Heliophorus ila nolus Eliot, 1963; Entomologist 96 (1203) : 175, TL: Taok Plateau. Tenasserim
Heliophorus ila nolus, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Heliophorus ila nolus ; [BOR, 635]

H. i. pseudonexus Eliot, 1963

Sikkim Heliophorus ila pseudonexus Eliot, 1963; Entomologist 96 (1203) : 176, f. 10a-d, TL: Sikkim, Lachin Lachoong

H. i. urius Eliot, 1963

S.Yunnan, ... Heliophorus ila urius Eliot, 1963; Entomologist 96 (1203) : 176, f. 8a-d, TL: China, S.Yunnan, Manhao

Heliophorus pulcher Chou, 1994

Sichuan. See [About maps] Heliophorus pulcher Chou, 1994; in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium 1-2: 771, 665, TL: Miyi 1900m, Sichuan

Heliophorus cantliei Eliot, 1965

S.Burma (Tenasserim), ?Thailand. See [About maps] Heliophorus cantliei Eliot, 1965; Entomologist 98 (1222) : 66, TL: Burma, S. Shan States, Loi Mwe
Heliophorus cantlei[sic?] ; [BOR, 635]

Heliophorus tamu (Kollar, [1844])

NW.India - N.Burma. See [About maps] Powdery Green Sapphire
Polyommatus tamu Kollar, [1844]; in Hügel, Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek, 4: 417, pl. 5, f. 7-8
Ilerda tamu ; Hewitson, 1865, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 57
Heliophorus tamu ; [BIR, 304]; [BOR, 635]

600x400 (~85Kb) upperside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 10.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar	600x400 (~48Kb) upperside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar	600x400 (~39Kb) underside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar
600x400 (~56Kb) upperside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar	600x400 (~46Kb) underside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar	600x400 (~41Kb) India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar
600x400 (~50Kb) underside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 11.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

H. t. kala (Tytler, 1912)

N.Burma, N.Thailand Ilerda viridipunctata kala Tytler, 1912; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21 (2): 599, pl. 2, f. 4

Heliophorus androcles (Westwood, 1851)

Kashmir - Assam, N.Burma - W.China. See [About maps] Green Sapphire
Ilerda androcles Westwood, 1851; Gen. diurn. Lep. (2): 487, (2): pl. 75, f. 2
Heliophorus androcles ; [BIR, 304 (key), 305]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 14]; [BOR, 635]; [MRS, 665]

H. a. androcles

Assam - N.Burma Heliophorus androcles androcles ; [BIR, 305]

H. a. tytleri

Nagas Heliophorus androcles tytleri ; [BIR, 305]

H. a. trilunulata Huang, 1999

SE.Tibet Heliophorus androcles trilunulata ; Huang & Wu, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 129

H. a. rubida Riley, 1929

Yunnan, ...? Heliophorus androcles rubida ; Huang, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 104 (note)

Heliophorus sena (Kollar, [1844])

W.Himalayas, Kashmir, Chitral - Kumaon. See [About maps] Sorrel Sapphire
Polyommatus sena Kollar, [1844]; in Hügel, Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek, 4: 415
Ilerda sena ; Hewitson, 1865, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 59
Heliophorus sena ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 205, f. 33 (text)]; [BIR, 303 (key)]

Larva on Rumex hastatus [BHR]

Heliophorus bakeri Evans, 1927

N.India, Kashmir, Chitral - Dalhousie, Kulu. See [About maps] Western Blue Sapphire
bakeri Evans, 1927; Indian Butterflies (ed. 1): 158
Heliophorus bakeri ; [BIR, 304 (key)]; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 15, 16]

Heliophorus oda (Hewitson, 1865)

W.Himalayas, Chamba - Naini Tal. See [About maps] Eastern Blue Sapphire
Ilerda oda Hewitson, 1865; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (2): 58, pl. 24, f. 9-10, TL: India
Heliophorus oda ; [BIR, 304 (key)]; [BOW: pl. 176, f. 15 (text)]

?Heliophorus yunnani (D'Abrera, 1993)

Yunnan. See [About maps] Heliophorus[?] yunnani D'Abrera, 1993

Heliophorus viridipunctata (de Nicéville, 1890)

W.Himalayas, Kashmir - W.China. See [About maps] Ilerda viridipunctata de Nicéville, 1890; in Marshal & de Nicéville, Butts India Burmah Ceylon 3: 329

H. v. viridipunctata

Assam, ...

H. v. naxi Yoshino, 1997

N.Yunnan Heliophorus viridipunctata naxi Yoshino, 1997; Neo Lepidoptera 2: 7, f. 50-53, TL: Zhondian, 2000m, N.Yunnan

Heliophorus stotzneri (Draeseke, 1925)

Sichuan. See [About maps] Ilerda stotzneri Draeseke, 1925; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 39: 223

Heliophorus eventa Fruhstorfer, 1918

Yunnan, ...?. See [About maps] Heliophorus viridipunctata eventa Fruhstorfer, 1918; Tijdschr. Ent. 61 (1/2) : 52, TL: W.China, Szetchuan
?Heliophorus rufa Riley, 1929; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 33 (2): 400
Heliophorus eventa, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
f. rufa ;
Heliophorus eventa ; Huang, 2001; Huang, 2003, Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 104 (note)

Heliophorus forficatus Yago & Nakanashi, 2003

Nepal. See [About maps] Heliophorus forficatus Yago & Nakanashi, 2003; Bull. soc. ent. Fr. 108 (1): (27-34), TL: Nepal

10.12.2011 (23)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[BHL]

The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!

[BHR]

D'Abrera; Butterflies of the Holarctic Region, Part I-III

[BIR]

Wynter-Blyth, M. A., 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)

[BMP]

Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2

[BOR]

D'Abrera, B., 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[EBW]

Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[Kedar Tokekar]

India

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[MRS]

Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2

[Yutaka Inayoshi]

A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM

[²]

This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

de Nicéville & Martin, [1896]

A List of the Butterflies of Sumatra with special reference to the Species occurring in the north-east of the Island J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 64 Pt.II (3): 357-555

Doubleday, 1847

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. lep. Ins. B. M. 2: [ii] + 57pp

Westwood, 1851

The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29, 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)

Draeseke, 1925

Die Schmetterlinge der Stötznerschen Ausbeute (2,3,4) Dt. ent. Z. Iris 38: 1-8, 39: 48-57, 39: 211-231

Eliot, 1963

The Heliophorus epicles (Godart, 1823) Complex. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Entomologist 96 (1203) : 169-180, 14 figs

Eliot, 1965

The Heliophorus epicles (Godt.) complex: a postscript Entomologist 98 (1222) : 66-67

Eliot, 1973

The higher classification of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a tentative Arrangement Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6) : 373-505, 162fgs, pl. 1-6

Evans, 1932

The Identification of Indian Butterflies (edn. 2) Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): x + 454pp, 9 figs, 32 pls

Fruhstorfer, 1908

Lepidopterologisches Pêle-Mêle. I. Neue ostasiatische Rhopaloceren Ent. Zs. 22 (11): 46-47 (13 June), (12): 48-49 (20 June)

Fruhstorfer, 1918

Revision der Lycaenidengruppe Heliophorus auf Grund der Morphologie der Klammerogane Tijdschr. Ent. 61 (1/2) : 45-53, pl. 6 (15 July)

Godart, [1824]

in Latreille & Godart, Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie. 9 Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 3-328 (1819), (2): 329-828 ([1824])

Grose-Smith, 1889

Descriptions of ten more new Species of Butterflies captured by Mr. John Whitehead at Kina Balu Mountain, North Borneo Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (16) : 312-319

Hewitson, 1865

Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera. Lycaenidae Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (1): 1-36,37*, pl. 1-16 (1863), (2): 37-76, pl. 17-30 (1865), (3): 77-114, pl. 31-46 (1867), (4): 115-136,14a-h, pl. 47-54,3a-c, (Suppl.) 1-16, pl. 1-5 (1869), (5): 137-150,151*, pl. 55-59, (Suppl.) pl. 6 (1873), (6): 151-184,185*, pl. 60-73 (1874), (7): 185-208,209*, pl. 74-83 (1877), (8): 209-228, pl. 84-85,88-92, (Suppl.) 17-47, pl. 1a-b,3a-b,4a,5a-b,7-8 (1878)

Huang, 2003

A list of butterflies collected from Nujiang (Lou Tse Kiang) and Dulongiang, China with descriptions of new species, and revisional notes Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 3-114

Huang & Wu, 2003

New and little known Chinese butteflies in the collection of the Institue of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Beijing - 1 Neue Ent. Nachr. 55: 115-143

Geyer in Hübner, [1832]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 4 [1826]-1832 Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : pl. [104-131], f. 601-764 (1826), : pl. [132-137], f. 765-800 (1827 - 1831), : [1-3], 4-6, [7], 8-48 (1832)

Matsumura, 1910

Lycaeniden Japans Ent. Zs. 23 (49): 217-218, (50): 221-222

Moore, [1858]

A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1: : 1-278, pl. 1-12,1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a

Pendlebury, 1936

Some new Records of Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula J. Fed. Malay St. Mus., 18 (1): 178-186

Riley, 1929

Revisional notes on the genus Heliophorus with descriptions of new forms J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 33 (2): 382-402

Tytler, 1912

Notes on butterflies from the Naga Hills. I & II J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21 (1): 48-65 (1911), (2): 588-606 (1912)

Yoshino, 1997

New Butterflies from China 2 Neo Lepidoptera 2: 1-8

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.