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Linaria Miller
Kannusruohot Toadflax
Linaria, Biota of North America Program (query database) [BONAP]
Linaria, Den Virtuella Floran [DVF]

Foodplants for Calophasia (noctua) opalina, C. (noctua) platyptera, Falseuncaria degreyana, Hippotion celerio, Hyles livornica, Melitaea didyma, M. didyma occidentalis, Mellicta deione


[sp-1.jpg] 500x780 (~74Kb) USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 24.6.2000 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela [sp-1x.jpg] 600x817 (~48Kb) USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 24.6.2000 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of these species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.


fiLinaria vulgaris Miller
Kannusruoho Keltakannusruoho Yleinen kannusruoho Common Toadflax Yellow Toadflax Ramsted Butter and Eggs Sporreblomma Gulsporre
Linaria vulgaris ?Hill.
Linaria vulgaris, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 Linaria vulgaris ; [RK, 378]; [SK, 513]
Linaria vulgaris Hill.; [GMBOT, 719]
Linaria vulgaris ; [FPN, 425]
[vulgaris-1.jpg] 600x867 (~92Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [vulgaris-1x.jpg] 600x907 (~61Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [vulgaris-2.jpg] 700x1050 (~145Kb) Finland, Ab: Turku, near Ylioppilaskylä, 2.7.2004, Photo © Markku Savela
[vulgaris-2x.jpg] 900x1350 (~115Kb) Finland, Ab: Turku, near Ylioppilaskylä, 2.7.2004, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Acronicta euphorbiae, Amphipyra tragopoginis, Autographa gamma, Calophasia lunula, Charanyca ferruginea, Chlosyne gorgone carlota, Eupithecia linariata, E. satyrata, Falseuncaria ruficiliana, Proclossiana eunomia eunomia, Pyrrhia umbra, Stenoptilia bipunctidactyla


L. v. f. hemipeloria De Vries
Linaria vulgaris f. hemipeloria ; [SK, 513]
L. v. f. peloria (L.)
Linaria vulgaris f. peloria ; [SK, 513]
fiLinaria repens (L.) Miller
Juovakannusruoho Pale Toadflax Striped Toadflax Strimsporre
Linaria repens, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 Linaria repens ; [RK, 379]

Foodplant for Gypsochroa renitidata

?Linaria striata (Lam.) DC.
Juovikas kannusruoho
Linaria striata ; [SK, 513]
fiLinaria repens × vulgaris
Linaria × sepium Allman
Linaria repens × vulgaris ; [RK, 379]
fiLinaria incarnata (Vent.) Sprengel
Tarhakannusruoho Violsporre
Linaria bipartita auct.
Linaria incarnata ; [RK, 379]
Linaria bipartita ; [SK, 513]

Foodplant as Linaria bipartita for Pyrrhia umbra

fiLinaria genistifolia (L.) Miller
Härmäkannusruoho Jättesporre Brown-leaved Toadflax
Linaria genistifolia ; [RK, 379]; [FPN, 425]
Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.
Dalmatian Toadflax
Linaria dalmatica ; [FPN, 425]
[dalmatica-1.jpg] 600x905 (~102Kb) USA: on US Route 97, about 1 mile from Blewett Pass (47°20'04N 120°36'21W), Kittitas Co., WA, 18.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela [dalmatica-1x.jpg] 700x1010 (~68Kb) USA: on US Route 97, about 1 mile from Blewett Pass (47°20'04N 120°36'21W), Kittitas Co., WA, 18.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

?Linaria minor (L.) Desf.
Pieni kannusruoho
Linaria minor ; [SK, 513]; [GMBOT, 720]
Linaria elatine (L.) Mill.
Keiholehtikannusruoho
Elatinoides elatine (L.); Wettst.
Linaria elatine ; [SK, 513]; [GMBOT, 720]

Any relation to Kickxia elatine Dumort?

Linaria spuria (L.) Mill.
Puikealehtinen kannusruoho
Elatinoides spuria (L.); Wettst.
Linaria spuria ; [SK, 514]; [GMBOT, 720]

Any relation to Kickxia spuria Dumort?

Linaria cymbalaria (L.) Mill.
Murattilehtinen kannusruoho Kenilworth Ivy Coliseum Ivy
Cymbalaria (L.); Wettst.
Linaria cymbalaria ; [SK, 514]; [GMBOT, 720]

Very probably same as Cymbalaria muralis? Give a note if anyone knows for sure.

Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum.-Courset
'Kanadankannusruoho' Oldfield Toadflax Blue Toadflax Wild Toadflax
Linaria canadensis ; [GMBOT, 720]; [FPN, 425]
L. c. var. texana (Scheele) Pennell
Linaria canadensis var. texana ; [FPN, 425]
Linaria odora (Bieb.) Fischer
Tuoksukannusruoho
Linaria supina (L.) Chaz.
Rentokannusruoho Prostrate Toadflax
Linaria supina ?Desf.
Linaria supina ; [SK, 513]
Linaria supina Desf.; [GMBOT, 719]
Linaria maroccana Hooker fil.
Sirkoannusruoho Annual Toadflax
Linaria munbyana Boiss. & Reuter
Etelänkannusruoho
Linaria amethystea (Lam.) Hoffm. & Link
'Ametistikannusruoho'

8.4.2001 (16)

References:
[BONAP]
A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands; A data base interface; BONAP U.S. Checklist - 1998; Provided by TAMU-BWG; Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group; Based on; Biota of North America Program
[DVF]
Den Virtuella floran; http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html; Ett projekt vid Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Stockholm, Sweden).; Even for non-Swedish speaker, the distribution maps on species are nice (map buttons "Norden" and "Norra halvklotet")
[FPN]
Hitchcock & Cronquist, 1998; Flora of the Pacific Northwest (11th ed.); ISBN 0-295-95273-3
[GMBOT]
Robinson, Benjamin L., Fernald, Merrit Lyndon, 1908; Gray's New Manual of Botany (7th edition); A Handbook of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada; American Book Company
[RK]
Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. (eds), 1998; Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland); Ed. 4. 656 pp.; Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum. Helsinki
[RUNEBERG]
Project Runeberg: Nordic literature online; Project Runeberg; Bilder ur Nordens Fauna (Carl Axel Magnus Lindman)
[SK]
Mela, A. J., Cajander, A. K., 1906; Suomen Kasvio; Viides painos

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.